Sharding, a popular Layer-1 solution, helps with the scalability issues of Layer-1 blockchains by splitting transactions into lighter bits called “shards”, enabling transactions to be processed simultaneously, consequently leading to a faster transaction speed. The biggest problem with Layer-1 solutions was laid out by Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin, an issue he referred to as the “scalability trilemma.” Blockchain projects have to make a trade-off between three important properties when optimizing their architecture – decentralization, security, and scalability – popularly referred to as the blockchain trilemma. Each of these Layer-1 protocols has its unique token referred to as native tokens. Layer-1 blockchain is the foundation blockchain that allows you to build DApps (Decentralized Applications) and other blockchains in some cases.īitcoin and Ethereum blockchains are the most famous examples of Layer-1 blockchain, with Cardano, Solana, and Polkadot fast gaining much ground in the blockchain ecosystem. This layer is a set of solutions used to improve the base protocol and make the overall systems more scalable. Layer-1 blockchain refers to the base infrastructure of a cryptocurrency project.
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